Description of Bananeras.
"I want to learn how to defend myself from whoever tries to oppress
me, whether it's my husband, my union, or my boss."—a bananera
Women banana workers—mujeres bananeras—are waging a powerful revolution by
making gender equity central in Latin American labor organizing. Their successes
disrupt the popular image of the Latin American woman worker as a passive bystander
and broadly re-imagine the possibilities of international labor solidarity.
Over the past twenty years, bananeras have organized themselves and gained
increasing control over their unions, their workplaces, and their lives. Highly
accessible and narrative in style, Bananeras: Women Transforming the Banana
Unions of Latin America recounts the history and growth of this vital movement.
Starting in 1985 with one union in La Lima, Honduras, and expanding domestically
through the late 1990s, experienced activists successfully reached out to younger
women with a message of empowerment. In a compelling example of transnational
feminism at work, the bananeras crossed borders to ally with banana workers
in five other banana exporting countries in Latin America, arguing all the while
that empowering women at every level of their organizations makes for stronger
unions, the better to confront the ever-encroaching multinational corporations.
When the bananeras of Latin America, with their male allies, explicitly integrate
gender equity into their organizing work as essential to effective labor internationalism-when
they refuse to separate the global struggle against transnational corporations
from the formidable efforts at home to achieve equity and respect-they inspire
all of us to envision a new framework for internationalism that places women's
human rights at the center of global class politics.
Read more about Frank's research for Bananeras at UC Santa Cruz Currents Online.
Table of Contents
Introduction On the Road
1 The Work Enslaves Us
2 SITRATERCO: Women’s Power Is Union Power
3 Honduras: A Free Space
4 Latin America: The Big Challenge
5 The War at Home
6 Global Allies
Conclusion A New Kind of Labor Movement
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Excerpt
from the Introduction
(view as PDF)
Of the four, Domitila Hernández, secretary of women for
the Dole banana workers’ union in the Aguán Valley, Honduras, came the farthest
the morning of November 6, 2002. It took her four hours on a bus that left at
dawn just to get to La Lima, the old United Fruit company town near San Pedro
Sula in the north. Domitila was also the quietest of the four. In her early
fifties, roundly built with small laughing eyes, she occupied herself on the
trip weaving a pink and white plastic cover for a kleenex box. Gloria García—a
bit more serious, maybe ten years younger, with tiny black braids pulled up
into a knot and wearing, as usual, the snazziest outfit—got to La Lima in half
an hour from her house in El Progreso. As secretary of organization for the
biggest, oldest banana union in Honduras, the Sindicato de Trabajadores de
la Tela Railroad Company (the Union of Workers of the Tela Railroad Company;
SITRATERCO), she was the highest-ranking woman in the Honduran banana unions.
Iris Munguía, the political and personal force at the
center of the whole story, was waiting in La Lima with the truck. In her mid
forties, self-possessed, and an expert at the art of tight jeans, she had her
own black braids tied back with a scarf she’d gotten in Europe from the global
campaign against the World Bank...
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Praise
"I hope Dana Frank's highly readable and moving book will find its way into the hands of those who know nothing about how, by whom, and under what conditions bananas are grown, as well as by those who do know something and seek to know more from the workers themselves.… Bananeras is a vital accounting of the struggles still being waged."
—Margaret Randall, author of When I Look Into the Mirror and See You: Women, Terror, and Resistance
"This is a wonderful book—entertaining, enlightening, and inspiring. A unique blend of personal stories grounded in a solid analysis of the globalization of the banana economy, the rise of a regional banana workers movement, and the intense internal struggle for gender justice within Latin America's historically male-dominated unions. I couldn't put it down, really!"
—Stephen Coats, Executive Director, US/Labor Education in the Americas Project
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Reviews
Book reveals strong women's labor movement in Central America
By Brian SealsSanta Cruz Sentinel, February 21, 2006
Dana Frank went to Central America in 2001 looking for the union label.
Well, actually, she was looking to help create a union label for banana workers.
What she found in the process were empowered women seeking labor and gender justice, a far cry from what she expected.
That realization evolved into a recently released book titled, Bananeras: Women Transforming the Banana Unions of Latin America.
"There is this really incredible story of power," Frank said from her office at UC Santa Cruz, where she is a professor of history. "It's refuting this myth we have that Latin America women workers are passive victims."
The women that toil in the banana packing plants focus on labor conditions and negotiating agreements with companies like Chiquita and Dole.
In the process, they study up on broader issues like the Central America Free Trade Agreement and globalization, or more practical matters like self-esteem and the role of gender in the family.
"Those workshops were on par with women's studies at UCSC," Frank said.
Frank went to the area as a consultant with the Chicago-based U.S. Labor Education in the Americas Project.
She lived wi...
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Interview
On Against the Grain, a program of KPFA radio (94.1 FM and kpfa.org), hosted by C.S. Soong, Bananeras author Dana Frank talks about how women are
transforming banana unions in Latin America. Also, a staffer at US/LEAP describes the targeting of trade unionists in Colombia. Click here to listen to the program.
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